Preconception Health Checklist
A comprehensive guide to preparing your body for pregnancy. From doctor visits to lifestyle changes, here is everything you need to do before trying to conceive.
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Every pregnancy is unique. Always consult your healthcare provider, OB-GYN, or midwife for personalized medical guidance. If you have concerns about your pregnancy, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
In This Guide
Preparing your body for pregnancy before conception can significantly improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy and baby. Ideally, you should begin this preparation three to six months before you start trying to conceive, though any preparation time is beneficial.
This checklist will help ensure you have covered all the important bases before embarking on your pregnancy journey. Work through these items at your own pace, and use this as a guide for conversations with your healthcare provider.
Doctor Appointments
Preconception Visit
Schedule a preconception checkup with your OB-GYN or primary care provider. This appointment allows your doctor to assess your overall health and identify any issues that should be addressed before pregnancy.
What to Expect at Your Visit
- -Review of your medical history and family health history
- -Discussion of any chronic conditions and their management
- -Review of current medications and supplements
- -Blood pressure and weight check
- -Blood tests for immunity, thyroid function, and overall health
- -Pelvic exam and Pap smear if due
- -STI screening if appropriate
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
- - Are my vaccinations up to date?
- - Should I stop or change any medications?
- - Do I need genetic carrier screening?
- - What prenatal vitamin do you recommend?
- - Are there any health concerns to address first?
- - How will my existing conditions affect pregnancy?
- - Should my partner have any testing?
- - When should I stop birth control?
Genetic Counseling
Consider genetic carrier screening, especially if you or your partner have a family history of genetic conditions, belong to certain ethnic groups with higher carrier rates, or are closely related.
Carrier screening can identify if you and your partner carry genes for conditions like cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, Tay-Sachs, or other inherited disorders. Knowing this information before pregnancy allows you to make informed decisions.
Prenatal Vitamins
Why Start Now?
You should begin taking prenatal vitamins at least one month before trying to conceive, though three months is even better. The most important nutrient during this time is folic acid, which helps prevent neural tube defects that develop very early in pregnancy, often before you even know you are pregnant.
Key Nutrients to Look For
- Folic Acid:400-800 mcg daily (essential for neural tube development)
- Iron:27 mg daily (supports increased blood volume)
- Calcium:1000 mg daily (for bone development)
- Vitamin D:600 IU daily (aids calcium absorption)
- DHA:200-300 mg daily (supports brain development)
Choosing a Prenatal
- - Look for USP verification for quality assurance
- - Consider your dietary needs (vegetarian, etc.)
- - Choose methylfolate if you have MTHFR gene variant
- - Pick a formula that is easy on your stomach
- - Ask your doctor for specific recommendations
Important Note on Folic Acid
Some women need higher doses of folic acid (4 mg daily), including those who have previously had a pregnancy affected by neural tube defects, have diabetes, take certain anti-seizure medications, or have obesity. Discuss your specific needs with your doctor.
Medications to Discuss
Before trying to conceive, review all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies with your healthcare provider. Some medications are safe during pregnancy, others need to be stopped or switched, and some require special monitoring.
Medications That May Need Changes
- - Certain acne medications (isotretinoin)
- - Some blood pressure medications
- - Anti-anxiety and antidepressant medications
- - Anti-seizure medications
- - Blood thinners
- - Certain diabetes medications
- - Some cholesterol medications
- - Migraine medications
Do Not Stop Medications Abruptly
Never stop taking prescribed medications without consulting your doctor first. Some conditions require continuous treatment, and stopping suddenly can be dangerous.
Your doctor will help you weigh the risks and benefits and may switch you to a pregnancy-safe alternative or adjust your dosage.
Over-the-Counter and Supplements
Review all OTC medications and supplements with your provider. Some seemingly harmless products may not be safe during pregnancy or while trying to conceive.
- -Herbal supplements and teas
- -Pain relievers (NSAIDs may affect ovulation)
- -High-dose vitamins (especially vitamin A)
- -Sleep aids and antihistamines
- -Weight loss supplements
- -Energy drinks and supplements
Lifestyle Changes
Healthy Habits to Adopt
- +Achieve a healthy weight: BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is optimal for fertility
- +Exercise regularly: 150 minutes of moderate activity per week
- +Eat a balanced diet: Focus on whole grains, lean proteins, fruits, and vegetables
- +Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day
- +Manage stress: Practice relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation
- +Get quality sleep: Aim for seven to eight hours per night
Habits to Eliminate
- -Quit smoking: Affects fertility and increases pregnancy risks
- -Stop alcohol: No safe amount during pregnancy; quit when trying
- -Avoid recreational drugs: All should be stopped completely
- -Limit caffeine: Keep under 200 mg daily (one to two cups of coffee)
- -Reduce toxin exposure: Avoid pesticides, lead, and certain chemicals
- -Limit certain fish: Avoid high-mercury fish like shark and swordfish
Environmental Considerations
Reduce exposure to environmental toxins that may affect fertility or harm a developing baby:
- -Avoid handling pesticides and harsh chemicals
- -Use natural cleaning products when possible
- -Check your home for lead paint if built before 1978
- -Avoid kitty litter (risk of toxoplasmosis)
- -Choose BPA-free containers for food and drinks
- -Limit exposure to radiation and X-rays
Vaccinations
Certain infections during pregnancy can cause serious problems for you and your baby. Make sure your vaccinations are up to date before conceiving, as some vaccines cannot be given during pregnancy.
Vaccines to Check Before Pregnancy
MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
Rubella during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects. Get tested for immunity and vaccinate if needed. Wait one month after vaccination before trying to conceive.
Varicella (Chickenpox)
If you have not had chickenpox or been vaccinated, get immunized. Wait one month after vaccination before conceiving.
Other Vaccines to Review
- - Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis)
- - Hepatitis B
- - Flu shot (recommended annually)
- - COVID-19 vaccine
- - HPV vaccine (if not completed)
Important
Live vaccines (MMR, varicella) should be given at least one month before trying to conceive. Your doctor can order blood tests to check your immunity levels and determine which vaccines you need.
Dental Health
Why Dental Care Matters
Oral health is closely linked to overall health and pregnancy outcomes. Gum disease has been associated with preterm birth and low birth weight. Additionally, hormonal changes during pregnancy can worsen existing dental problems.
Pre-Pregnancy Dental Checklist
- -Schedule a dental checkup and cleaning
- -Complete any needed fillings, crowns, or extractions
- -Treat any gum disease before conceiving
- -Get X-rays done now rather than during pregnancy
- -Address any tooth pain or sensitivity
Daily Oral Care
- - Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
- - Floss daily
- - Use an antiseptic mouthwash
- - Replace your toothbrush every three months
- - Limit sugary snacks and drinks
- - Stay hydrated to prevent dry mouth
Your Complete Checklist
- ☐Schedule a preconception checkup with your healthcare provider
- ☐Start taking prenatal vitamins with folic acid
- ☐Review all medications with your doctor
- ☐Update vaccinations as needed
- ☐Schedule a dental checkup and complete any needed work
- ☐Quit smoking and alcohol
- ☐Achieve a healthy weight through diet and exercise
- ☐Consider genetic carrier screening
- ☐Reduce environmental toxin exposure
- ☐Establish stress management practices
Related Guides
Ready to Start Trying?
Once you have completed your preconception checklist, you are ready to begin trying to conceive. Learn about tracking ovulation and optimizing your chances.
Trying to Conceive GuideDisclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only. Pregnancy information is general guidance and may not apply to your specific situation. Consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.